Question

Explain the function of insulin, adrenaline and thyroxine?

Answer 1

Hint: Through the secretion of hormones, the endocrine system regulates a wide range of physiological processes. Hormones are produced by the endocrine system's glands and flow via the circulation to numerous organs and tissues throughout the body. Hormones then instruct these organs and tissues on how to operate. Nerve impulses and neurotransmitters are used by the nervous system to communicate while the endocrine system uses chemical messengers called hormones.

Complete answer:
The functions of insulin, adrenaline and thyroxine are as follows:
1. Insulin: Insulin is a hormone produced by pancreatic beta cells that regulates carbohydrate and fat metabolism in the body. Insulin allows glucose to be absorbed from the blood by cells in the liver, skeletal muscles, and adipose tissue. Glucose is stored as glycogen in the liver and skeletal muscles, as well as fat cells (adipocytes). It is kept in the form of triglycerides. Insulin's primary purpose is to keep blood sugar levels in check.
2. Adrenaline: The adrenal glands produce this hormone. Above both kidneys is where the adrenal gland is located. It controls blood pressure (which rises), heart rate, and glucose metabolism (during an emergency). Adrenaline travels via the circulation and influences the autonomic nervous system, which regulates activities including heart rate, pupil dilation, and perspiration and saliva secretion.
3. Thyroxine: Thyroxine is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland that controls body temperature and plays a vital role in growth and development.

Note:
Lipid-derived, amino acid-derived, and peptide hormones are the three types of hormones found in the human body. Estradiol, testosterone, aldosterone, and cortisol are steroid hormones. Epinephrine and norepinephrine are two amino acid-derived hormones generated from tyrosine and tryptophan (produced by the adrenal medulla). Thyroxine is another hormone produced from amino acids.