Question

Explain the formation of $B{F_3}$ molecule with the help of Valence Bond Theory

Answer 1

Hint: We will be learning about the Valence Bond Theory. The valency Bond approaches bond forming in localized orbitals between the atom pairs and forming of individual bonds from the atomic orbitals.

Complete step by step answer:
The valence bond (VB) hypothesis of holding was primarily evolved by Walter Heitler and Fritz London in 1927, and later altered by Linus Pauling to consider bond bearing. The electron setup of the boron particle is $2{s^2}2{p^1}$ , with one unpaired electron. This electron is excited to the higher energy arrangement $2{s^1}2{p^2}$, with three unpaired electrons. These three orbitals are presently hybridized to give three equal $s{p^2}$ hybrid orbitals, coplanar, and lying ${120^\circ }$ separated, each containing one electron. These hybrid orbitals then overlap the half-filled $p$ orbitals of the three fluorine particles, in this manner shaping three coplanar $B - F$ electron-pair bonds. All appears to be well, then again, actually the boron molecule doesn't have an octet: One perpendicular $2p$ orbital stays empty. This orbital can acknowledge electron density from the F molecules to a limit of one electron. All things considered, every $F$ particle gives only one third of an electron pair to the unfilled $p$ orbital on boron. One model for $B{F_3}$ is a resonance hybrid of three structures, each having one two double bonds and two single bonds. The $B - F$ bond is said to have a bond request of $1\dfrac{1}{3}$.

Note: The Valence Bond Theory was created so as to clarify substance holding utilizing the technique for quantum mechanics. This hypothesis basically focuses around the arrangement of individual bonds from the nuclear orbitals of the participating atoms during the formation of an atom. Electrons in a molecule occupy nuclear orbitals rather than molecular orbitals. The nuclear orbitals overlap on the bond arrangement and the larger the overlap the stronger the bond.
To answer this question, one must know what Valence Bond Theory and the entire process of the VBT. One must know how to split the orbitals in basing the theory. To form the individual orbitals using VBT of a compound one needs to know all about the VBT.