Question

Explain the following term:-
Amino acids

Answer 1

Hint: As we know that amino acids are the are organic compounds which contain amino ($-N{{H}_{2}}$) and carboxyl ($-COOH$ ) functional groups along with the side chain (R = alkyl or aryl group) specific to each amino acid. So here we have to explain about amino acids.

Complete answer:
Let us discuss about amino acids as follows:-
Amino Acids: These are the organic compounds that combine together in order to form proteins and therefore they are also referred as the building components of proteins. These biomolecules are generally involved in various biological and chemical functions of a human body.
-Amino acids are the necessary ingredients for the growth as well as development of human beings. There are almost 300 different amino acids that occur in nature.
-These compounds contain the basic amino groups i.e., $-N{{H}_{2}}$ and carboxyl groups i.e., $-COOH$. Both peptides and proteins are the long chains of these organic compounds and there are usually twenty amino acids that are involved in the construction of proteins.
-Amino acids usually have a very high melting and boiling point. These are white crystalline solid substances that are sweet, tasteless and bitter as well. Most of them are soluble in water but insoluble in organic solvents.
-There are 9 amino acids out of 20 which cannot be synthesized by our body and hence they are categorized as essential amino acids whereas the rest 11 amino acids can be synthesized in our body and are categorized as non-essential amino acids.

Note:
-Remember that amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and it plays a fundamental role in almost all life processes due to which it is necessary to include all nine essential amino acids in our daily diet in order to maintain a healthy as well as proper function of our body.
-Also deficiency of these compounds may include different pathological disorders which may include Edema, Anemia, Insomnia, Diarrhea, Depression, Hypoglycemia, etc.