Question

Explain the construction of a motor with a diagram.

Answer 1

Hint:A motor is an electrical device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. Electric motors generate force in the form of torque through the interaction between the motor’s magnetic field and the electric current in the wire winding. The torque generated is applied to the motor’s shaft.

Complete step by step answer:

The working principle of DC Motor mainly depends upon Fleming Left-Hand rule. As can be seen in the diagram, the armature coil is placed between the magnetic poles. An external DC source, a battery, is connected to the armature coil and current starts flowing through it. Since the current-carrying armature coil lies inside a magnetic field, they will experience a force which tends to rotate the armature.

Here, the arm of the armature coil near the North Pole of the magnet carries current in the upward direction along the plane of this screen. By applying Fleming’s Left-Hand Rule, the direction of force F, experienced by this arm will be downwards perpendicular to the plane of this screen. A similar force will be experienced by the arm of the armature near the South Pole. Thus the armature coil tends to rotate in an anti-clockwise direction.

The direction of the current in the armature coil is reversed after every half rotation with the help of the split-ring commutator, to keep the coil rotating in the same direction. This reversal of current helps to develop a continuous and unidirectional torque.

Note:Electric motors find a vast array of applications in our daily life, mainly including blowers, fans, machine tools, pumps, turbines, power tools, alternators, compressors, rolling mills, ships, movers, paper mills, vacuum cleaners, dishwashers, computer printers, etc.