Question

Expand the term ADP.

Answer 1

Hint: When one phosphate group is removed by breaking a phosphoanhydride bond, a process known as hydrolysis occurs, releasing energy and converting ATP to adenosine diphosphate (ADP). Similarly, when phosphate is removed from ADP to form adenosine monophosphate, energy is released (AMP).

Complete answer:
Adenosine diphosphate (ADP), also known as adenosine pyrophosphate (APP), is an important organic compound in metabolism and is required for energy flow in living cells. ADP is made up of three major structural components: a sugar backbone attached to adenine and two phosphate groups bonded to ribose's 5 carbon atoms. ADP's phosphate group is attached to the 5' carbon of the sugar backbone, while the adenine attaches to the 1’ carbon.
ADP can be converted into adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine monophosphate (AMP). ADP has one more phosphate group than ATP. There is one fewer phosphate group in AMP. The dephosphorylation of ATP by enzymes known as ATPases results in energy transfer, which is used by all living things. The cleavage of a phosphate group from ATP causes energy to be coupled to metabolic reactions and a by-product of ADP.
ATP is constantly synthesized from the lower-energy species ADP and AMP. ATP is biosynthesized through processes such as substrate-level phosphorylation, oxidative phosphorylation, and photophosphorylation, which all allow for the addition of a phosphate group to ADP.

Note:
ADP cycling, the thermodynamic process of transferring energy from one source to another, provides the energy required to do work in a biological system. Potential energy and kinetic energy are the two types of energy. Potential energy can be thought of as stored energy or as usable energy that is ready to be put to use. Kinetic energy is the energy released by an object as a result of its movement.