Question

Exchange of Paternal and Maternal chromosome material during cell division is
A. Synapsis
B. Dyad formation
C. Bivalent Formation
D. Crossing over

Answer 1

Hint: Chromosomes are thread-like patterns uncovered inside the nucleus of mammal and plant cells. Each chromosome is created by protein and a single particle of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).

Complete Answer:
Let us analyse the given options to find out the correct answer.
Option A: Synapsis (also named syndesis) is the pairing of two homologous chromosomes that happens during meiosis. It enables matching-up of homologous couples before their segregation and reasonable chromosomal crossover among them. This is the incorrect option.

Option B: A dyad is constituted of a band of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids. It can begin while anaphase 1 of Meiosis at a method named a disjunction. The tetrad leaves into opposite fences of the cell as they are distributed into two, which are the dyads. This is the incorrect option.

Option C: The arrangement of a bivalent happens throughout the first division of meiosis. In most bions, each duplicated chromosome (formulated of two identical sister chromatids) elicits the arrangement of DNA double-strand halts during the leptotene stage. This is the incorrect option.

Option D: Crossing over is the method that happens in meiosis I. The genetic material gets exchanged among the non-sister chromatids of the two homologous chromosomes which are achieved as one from the mom (maternal) and one from the dad (paternal). The genetic exchange is credible for the deviation in the genetic configuration of the progeny. This is the correct option.

Thus, option D is the correct option.

Note: Crossing over is necessary for the formal segregation of chromosomes throughout meiosis. Crossing over also accounts for genetic deviation, because due to the swapping of genetic material while crossing over, the chromatids carried concurrently by the centromere are no longer comparable.