Question

Eukaryotic RNA polymerase III catalyzes the synthesis of
(a) mRNA
(b) tRNA
(c) 18s rRNA
(d) Introns
(e) 5s tRNA

Answer 1

Hint: Expression of RNA from the DNA strand takes place through the process of transcription. In transcription DNA dependent RNA polymerase works as an enzyme to catalyze the polymerization of RNA from DNA.

Complete answer:
In transcription only one strand of DNA codes for a single strand of RNA. RNA polymerase catalyzes the synthesis of RNA and protein. In the case of prokaryotes, a single RNA polymerase is present but in eukaryotes, three different types of RNA polymerase present such as RNA polymerase I, RNA polymerase II and RNA polymerase III where RNA polymerase I synthesize rRNA except 5srRNA, RNA polymerase II synthesizes mRNA and hnRNA and RNA polymerase III synthesizes tRNA, 5srRNA and snRNA.

Additional Information: Protein synthesis from DNA takes place in three steps like replication, transcription, and translation. mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA play a major role in protein synthesis. mRNA works as messenger RNA which forms a link between genes and protein. After transcription of the gene, mRNA moves toward the cytoplasm where it translates the information with the help of tRNA. tRNA also is known as transfer RNA decodes the information carried by mRNA, In tRNA anticodon base matches with the codon base of mRNA, and the process gets initiated on the basis of the message. rRNA is the main component of the ribosome after transcription RNA travels toward the cytoplasm and links with another tRNA which leads to the synthesis of protein. rRNA is a structural and functional component of protein synthesis that's why it is also called a cellular factory for protein synthesis. The translation process is mainly carried out by rRNA.
So, the correct answer is tRNA.

Note: Synthesis of protein takes place on the basis of genetic code. Genetic code is a triplet of nucleic acid bases such as Adenine, Guanine, Uracil, and Cytosine, different triplet codes for different amino acids where AUG work as initiation codon and UAA, UAG, and UGA work as terminator codon.