Question

Elution means?
A. Separation of DNA fragments on the agarose gel
B. Cutting and extraction of DNA bands from the agarose gel
C. Making the DNA fragments viable under the UV radiations
D. Isolation of alien DNA from the choice organism

Answer 1

Hint:
The fragments that are cut through restriction endonucleases need to be separated and for that, a technique is used called gel electrophoresis. In this technique, as the DNA fragments are negatively charged molecules they can be separated by forcing them to move towards the anode (the positively charged electrode) under an electric field through a medium or a matrix.

Complete answer:
In gel electrophoresis, the DNA fragments are separated according to their sizes, that is the smallest DNA fragment will move the farthest. A natural polymer extracted from seaweed called agarose is the commonly used matrix. These DNA fragments can be visualized when exposed to UV radiation if they are stained with a compound called ethidium bromide. Elution is the process when the separated DNA fragments are cut out from the agarose gel and extracted from the gel piece. The DNA fragments that are produced are used in the construction of recombinant DNA by introducing them into a suitable vector.
Thus, the correct answer is Cutting and extraction of DNA bands from the agarose gel.

Option ‘B’ is correct

Note:
Gel electrophoresis has many applications such as separating DNA fragments for DNA fingerprinting for the investigation of crime scenes, diagnosing any gene-associated disease, distinguishing different species, to check the quality and quantity of the genomic DNA, the results of the polymerase chain reaction are visualized using gel electrophoresis, it is widely used for the biological substance analysis (such as of proteins and nucleic acids), testing the antibiotics to check their purity, etc.