Question

Element of atomic number 6 is placed in:
(A) IV group
(B) IV period
(C) VI group
(D) III group

Answer 1

Hint: Element is defined as the substance which cannot be decomposed into simpler units by any other chemical processes. Element is made up of a single or same type of atom. Atomic number is the number of the chemical element which is present in the periodic table. Atomic number is written on the left hand side of each element.

Complete answer: Atomic number is equal to the number of protons and number of electrons present in the atom. The atomic can also be found by subtracting the mass number from the number of neutrons present in the atom.
The periodic table is made up of horizontal rows called periods and vertical columns called groups. In period the elements have the same number of electron shells. The next element in the periodic table has increased in one proton but decreased in metallic ability. In the group the number of valence electrons in each orbit of the element is the same.
So now to determine the group of the element we need to first write the electronic configuration. So the electronic configuration for element 6 is \[1{{s}^{2}}2{{s}^{2}}2{{p}^{2}}\]. So for the determination of the group we need to check the valence electron and for that we will observe the last orbital. In this case the last orbital is p and in this there are two electrons and in the second last orbital that is s we have two electrons so the addition of these valence electrons is the number of groups in which the element is present. so \[2+2=4\]. So the group in which the element 6 is present is group 4.

The correct option for this answer is option (A).

Note: The electronic configuration is also known as electronic structure of the element. In this the electrons are arranged in the shells or the orbital in energy levels. The last shell is known as valence shell and the second last shell is known as p[en ultimate shell. The electronic configuration helps in determining the valency of an element, in predicting the properties of elements and in the interpretation of atomic spectra.