Question

Electric flux of a surface is maximum, when ?

Answer 1

Hint:The existence of a field of force in a physical medium, or the transfer of energy across a surface, is referred to as flux. Flux is seen as "bands" in a plane that intersects or contains electric charge poles or magnetic poles.

Complete answer:
The number of electric field lines (or electric lines of force) that intersect a given area is the property of an electric field called electric flux. Electric field lines are intended to start with positive electric charges and end with negative charges.

Negative field lines are those that are directed into a closed surface, and positive field lines are those that are directed out of a closed surface. Any field line guided through a closed surface continues through the interior and is directed outward elsewhere on the surface if there is no net charge inside the surface.

The negative flux is equivalent to the positive flux in magnitude, resulting in a net, or total, electric flux which is zero. When a net charge is enclosed within a closed surface, the overall flux through the surface is equal to the enclosed charge, positive if the charge is positive and negative if the charge is negative.

Therefore, the electric flux of a surface is maximum when the area vector is parallel to the direction of the electric field.

Note:The charge enclosed divided by the permittivity represents the overall electric flux out of a closed surface. The electric flux through a region is calculated by multiplying the electric field by the surface area projected in a plane perpendicular to the field.