Question

EI Nino becomes La Nina when EI Nino ____.
A) Warms up
B) Cools
C) Both a and b
D) None of these

Answer 1

Hint: El Nino is a climate pattern in which the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean's surface waters warm unusually. El Nino is the warm phase of the El Nino–Southern Oscillation, and it's linked to a band of warm ocean water that forms in the central and east-central equatorial Pacific, including off the coast of South America.

Complete answer:
El Nino is a term used to describe the above-average sea-surface temperatures that occur in the east-central equatorial Pacific on a regular basis. It represents the ENSO cycle's warm phase. The term "La Nia" refers to the cooling of sea surface temperatures in the east-central equatorial Pacific on a regular basis.

Let us look at the given options:
A) Warms up: This option is incorrect because this is the opposite of the correct answer. Nina puts an end to the initial dry and warm weather. So, EI Nino becomes La Nina when EI Nino cools.
B) Cools: This is the correct option. El Nina becomes La Nino when El Nino cools. When El Nino becomes ineffective in the Tropical Eastern Pacific, La Nina emerges as a counter-current in the Tropical Western Pacific. Later Nina puts an end to the dry spell in the western Pacific and ushers in a wet spell in the Tropical Western Pacific.
C) Both A and B: This option is incorrect because Option A is incorrect.
D) None of these: This option is incorrect because Option B is the correct answer.

Thus, the correct answer is Option B) Cools.

Note: El Nino and La Nina have an impact on not only ocean temperatures but also the amount of rain that falls on land. Droughts or flooding can result depending on which cycle occurs (and when). The countries closest to the equator are most affected by El Nino and La Nina. They wreak havoc on some of the world's poorest regions.