Question

Ecosystem has two components. They are
a. Tree and fungi
b. Living and nonliving
c. Plants and animals
d. None of these

Answer 1

Hint: An ecosystem can be represented as a functional unit of nature in which living organisms (such as producers, consumers, and decomposers) interact with each other and also with the physical realm around them.

Complete answer:
> Option A is incorrect. Living or biotic components consist of living organisms found in an ecosystem which involve plants, animals, decomposers and microorganisms (fungi and bacteria). Plants or trees produce their own food while microorganisms such as fungi break down dead organic material into smaller fragments, and eventually into simpler nutritious substances used by plants.

> Option B is correct. The structural unit of an ecosystem is biotic or living components and non-biotic or non-living components. Biotic components include the living organisms found in an ecosystem which involve plants, animals, decomposers and microorganisms (fungi and bacteria). Abiotic components consist of non-living components such as light, temperature, water, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, minerals, etc.

> Option C is incorrect. Plants and animals are the living or biotic part of the ecosystem where plants generate their own energy without eating other forms of life and obtain their energy from photosynthesis by sunlight, and animals act as consumers who rely on other forms of life to gain energy and survival.

> Option D is incorrect. An ecosystem is made up of producers, consumers, detritivores and their (small environment) relationships. It is the accompanying functional unit. These little components are therefore essential constituents of an ecosystem.

So, the correct answer is Option B.

Note: An ecosystem comprises numerous plants, animal, and microbial species along with their physicochemical environments. In an ecosystem, a food chain is necessary to ensure the sequential movement of food and energy from one organism to another.