Question

During aerobic respiration, the conversion of pyruvate into acetaldehyde along with TPP, the cofactor is
\[\begin{align}
& \text{A}\text{. M}{{\text{g}}^{\text{+2}}} \\
& \text{B}\text{. M}{{\text{n}}^{+2}} \\
& \text{C}\text{. F}{{\text{e}}^{+3}} \\
& \text{D}\text{. Z}{{\text{n}}^{+2}} \\
\end{align}\]

Answer 1

Hint: Respiration is a chemical process that occurs in all living organisms including plants, animals, and humans. This process is used to release the energy required to perform essential life processes.

Complete answer:
Respiration, in the presence of air (oxygen), is known as aerobic respiration. In aerobic respiration, energy is produced from the food in the presence of oxygen and is commonly seen in all multicellular organisms such as plants, animals, and mammals. The end products of cellular respiration are energy, water, and carbon dioxide. Glucose is first converted into pyruvate in a process called glycolysis. Oxygen is used in the breakdown of glucose producing energy in the form of ATP.

The pyruvate is then converted into acetyl CoA in the mitochondria. The pyruvate undergoes oxidative decarboxylation with the help of the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase. For this step, NAD+ and CoA are also required. \[\text{M}{{\text{g}}^{\text{+2}}}\]is used as a cofactor in this step. The end products of this reaction are acetyl CoA, carbon dioxide, NADH, and hydrogen ion. Acetyl CoA is then used in the Citric Acid Cycle.

Under anaerobic conditions (absence of oxygen), the fate of pyruvate is different. This condition generally occurs in prokaryotes and unicellular eukaryotes. The pyruvate then undergoes either lactic acid fermentation or alcohol fermentation.

Hence, the correct answer is option (A)

Note: The end product of aerobic respiration includes all the products formed in glycolysis, production of acetyl CoA, citric acid cycle, and electron transport chain producing 6 molecules of carbon dioxide, 6 molecules of water, and 30 molecules of energy in the form of ATP.