Question

Draw a neat diagram showing a model to demonstrate the process of thermoelectric production and label its part?

Answer 1

Hint: The basic concept of thermoelectric energy production in a power plant is that steam or water is used to rotate the turbine, these turbines are connected to a dynamo (also called as AC generator) which converts the rotational energy (mechanical energy) of the turbines into electrical energy.

Complete answer:
Lenz’s law: In a closed loop if the magnetic flux changes an induced electric current flows in a direction such that the current opposes the change that induced it.
Given below is a generalized diagram of thermoelectric production.

• In the process of thermoelectric production we use the heat energy of fuels to generate electrical energy by converting it into mechanical energy in the middle step.
• Initially water is heated in a large container, fuel such as coals are used as a source of heat to the plant.
• This heat converts water into steam, which is very hot and has a very high velocity.
• This steam generated us subjected to the turbines which are forced to rotate under the pressure of the steam.
• The shaft of the turbine is connected to a dynamo. A dynamo contains a coil which is placed between powerful magnets.
• As the turbine turns so does the coil, creating a change in the magnetic flux.
• And according to Lenz's law if magnetic flux changes in a closed loop an induced current is generated to oppose the change.
• This induced electric current generated is the required electrical energy. This power is then transferred to a load then to long distant stations by the help of a transform.

Note: Nearly ${\dfrac{1}{3}}^{rd}$ of the energy of the fuel is utilized by this process and rest is emitted as heat waste, this is one of the major drawbacks of this production. This heat energy that is wasted can also be utilized to produce electricity by using the concept of thermo electric effect, in this effect heat energy is used in exiting the electrons of semiconductor metals and the excited electron drift from one end of high potential to the end of low potential thus producing electricity