Question

Dolly sheep was obtained by
A. Cloning the udder cell (somatic cells) fused with 6 enucleated oocyte.
B. Cloning of gametes
C. Tissue culture
D. None of the Above

Answer 1

Hint: Dolly was the first sheep of its kind, which was developed with the process of cloning. It was cloned using an adult somatic cell.

Complete step by step answer: The somatic or the udder cells were taken from the mother sheep and its nucleus was injected into an enucleated oocyte or egg cell. It was then cultured and was transferred to a surrogate mother by a method known as nuclear transfer. Donor cell was taken from the mammary gland. The animal thus developed had identical characters with the mother whose nucleus was donated. The complete method was known as somatic cell nuclear transfer. The process proved that a cell taken from a specific part of an individual could potentially create a complete individual.
Considering the other given options:
i. Cloning of gametes - This process is also known as reproductive cloning. Owing to safety purposes, the process is not widely accepted and carried out.
ii. Tissue culture- It is the process of growing cells or tissues in an artificial culture medium away from the parent organism. The process is also referred to as micropropagation.
Hence, the correct answer is option A.

Note: Cloning is a process by which individuals are produced with identical DNA, in simpler terms it refers to the production of creating identical organisms genetically and morphologically. The organism thus produced is known as the clone. Natural cloning process occurs in many organisms such as bacteria which reproduce through asexual reproduction.