Question

Where does the synthesis of enzymes occur in a cell?
A. Inside the nucleus
B. In lysosomes
C. On the surface of the ribosome
D. Inside the vacuole

Answer 1

Hint: Enzymes are protein molecules that help in boosting the reaction rates of metabolic processes inside the cell. All of the enzymes are made up of proteins. The protein-synthesizing factories in the cell work as manufacturing units for the enzymes.

Complete step by step answer: In the process of translation, the ribosomes present in the cytoplasm of the cell hold the translation unit for amino acid and protein synthesis. Proteins are the basic units of enzymes. The rough endoplasmic reticulum which is a ribosome loaded organelle synthesizes secretory proteins which are enzymes. Enzymes are the proteins that fasten up the reaction rates in cell metabolism.
Now let us go through the options to know the exact site in the cell where enzyme production takes place.
-Option A is inside the nucleus. It is wrong as the cell nucleus is the place where its genetic material resides. The genetic material functions in directing and regulating the cell. DNA replication and transcriptions process happens inside the nucleus of the cell.
-Option B is in lysosomes. These are the sacs of an enzyme named lysozyme that is used in the breakdown of many biomolecules present inside the cell. Thus it cannot produce enzymes. But secrete degenerating enzymes.
-Option C is on the surface of the ribosome. The ribosomes are called the protein factories of the cell. These are presently abundantly over the surface of rough endoplasmic reticulum over which they translate the codon sequences on mRNA (messenger RNA) to manufacture protein chains that make enzymes.
-Option D is inside the vacuole. These are small circular cavities inside the cell that are usually filled with fluids. The vacuoles act as storing units for the cell. They are not involved in enzyme synthesis.
Thus, the right option is option C, i.e., Ribosomes are the manufacturing units for enzymes inside the cell.

Note: Enzymes play a very major role in cell functioning. There are many kinds of enzymes available inside the cell. There are enzymes called Enzyme-production enzymes, they come from outside sources and help in the production of the cell’s enzymes. One interesting enzyme-production enzyme class is RNA.