Question

How does stomatal action contribute to regulate plants temperature?

Answer 1

Hint: Stomata are the pore-like structures found in the epidermis of leaves, stems and other organs of plants. These organs control the rate of gas exchange occurring in a plant. The stomata of plants are covered from outside by a pair of specialized parenchyma cells which are known as guard cells.

Complete answer:
The pore-like structures present in the epidermis of plant leaves, stems and other organs which regulate the exchange of gases are known as pores. A pair of specialized parenchyma cells known as guard cells are present on the outside of the stomata which protects them.

Stomata is referred to as the paired guard cell and the pore-like structure known as stomatal aperture. Through these openings by the diffusion, air enters into these plants which contains carbon dioxide which is used in the process of photosynthesis. Water vapour diffuses through the stomata by a process called transpiration. The oxygen used in the process of respiration comes from photosynthesis in which oxygen gas is released as the byproduct.

Stomata are present in all of the land plants except in the case of liverworts. Plants have vascular tissues; the number, size and distribution of stomata varies greatly. In dicots, stomata are present more on the lower surface of leaves rather than on the upper surface. While in monocots, the number of stomata is equal on both the surface of the leaves.

As they play a major role in the exchange of gases like oxygen, carbon dioxide and water vapour inside and outside of plants. Removal of water in the form of water vapour from the aerial parts of a plant through stomata is called as transpiration.

Note:
Stomata are the pore-like structures found in the epidermis of leaves, stems and other organs of plants. These organs control the rate of gas exchange occurring in a plant. When the temperature of the environment increases the rate of transpiration also increases to cool the plant. The phenomenon of evaporation causes a cooling effect.