Question

What does it mean if you have an extra chromosome?

Answer 1

Hint: Our bodies are made up of genetic material. Almost every cell in the body has a copy of the blueprint stored in the nucleus, which is a sac. Genes are located on chromosomes, which are closely packed strands of the chemical substance deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, with two sex chromosomes controlling sex and 44 chromosomes controlling growth and function.

Complete answer:
Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes. A trisomy is a chromosomal defect in which one chromosome is missing. A person with a trisomy has 47 chromosomes instead of 46. Down syndrome, Edward syndrome, and Patau syndrome are the most common types of trisomy.

Chromosome problems are caused by a change in the number or genetic structure of chromosomes. Trisomy ('three bodies') is a condition in which a person's chromosomes are duplicated three times instead of two. This means they have 47 chromosomes instead of 46. Down syndrome, Edward syndrome, and Patau syndrome are the most common types of trisomy. Trisomy causes a number of birth abnormalities in infants, including intellectual issues and delayed development.

An increase in the number of chromosomes from the typical 46 is known as aneuploidy. Aneuploidy is characterised by the presence of an extra chromosome in cells, which is known as trisomy. Trisomy occurs when a person's cells contain three copies of a particular chromosome instead of the usual two. Trisomy 21 causes Down syndrome, which is an example of a condition caused by trisomy. "Tri-" is Greek for "three." A person with Down syndrome has 47 chromosomes, with three copies of chromosome 21 in each cell.

Note: The spontaneous insertion of an additional chromosome happens during fertilisation. The cause is unknown, and there is nothing that can be done to stop it. The most important risk factor for trisomy diseases is maternal age. Women in their late 30s and 40s are more prone to develop trisomy issues.