Question

How does deforestation reduce rainfall on one hand and lead to floods on the other?

Answer 1

Hint: A forest is an area of land dominated by trees. In order to make the land available for other uses, destruction of trees is done. The destruction of trees can lead to many problems such as increase in pollution, soil erosion etc.

Complete answer:
The destruction of trees is called deforestation. It leads to potential effects on humans and the environment. The vegetation is greatly destroyed resulting in the gradual loss of natural habitat and pose a threat to natural resources.
Overpopulation, industrialization, urbanization, road construction and mining have caused tremendous pressure on the living resources. Forest destruction may also be caused by several adverse factors like drought, flood, earthquakes and air pollution. Deforestation reduces rainfall but increases global warming, drought and soil erosion. Trees play a key role in the water cycle by helping to keep a balance between water on land and water in the atmosphere.
When deforestation occurs the balance is disturbed which results in climate change. Trees help in the water evaporation as plants absorb water from the soil and transport large quantities of water into the atmosphere by transpiration. Trees evaporate water to form clouds. As a result deforestation leads to the less water absorbed from the soil affecting the water cycle and formation of clouds becomes difficult leading to reduced rainfall.
Deforestation leads to reduction of trees which leads to disturbance in the transpiration and water cycle hence decrease rainfall which in turn lead to less water absorption in soil. The soil will dry which leads to decreased water intake in trees leading to soil erosion and at last leads to floods.

Note: It is to be noted that the most dramatic impact is the loss of habitat for millions of species. Deforestation can lead to enhancement in greenhouse gases around the earth’s atmosphere and also increase global warming.