Question

DNA multiplication is called:
A. Translation
B. Transduction
C. Transcription
D.Replication

Answer 1

Hint: DNA is the chemical basis of heredity and may be regarded as a reserve of genetic information. It is exclusively responsible for maintaining the identity of different species of organisms over millions of years.

Complete step by step answer:
The process by which a single DNA molecule produces two identical copies of itself is called cell division or replication and is also called mitosis. Hence the correct answer is option D.
The process of replication of the DNA is the enzyme-catalyzed process. The starting of the process involves the partial unwinding of the helix through the breaking of the H- bonds between pairs of bases leading to the formation of two isolated strands. Each strand then acts as a pattern for the synthesis of two new strands. Due to the base pairing principle, each new strand is complementary to its old template strand. Thus two identical copies of DNA are produced from the parent DNA. Each copy is then passed on to the two new cells resulting from the cell division. Hence we can say that in this way hereditary effects are transmitted from one cell to the others.

So, the correct answer is Option D.

Note: The full form of DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid and has three main components such as deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base.
It is important to mention that DNA replication is semi-conservative, i.e. only one half of the parental DNA strand is conserved and only one strand is synthesized. The direction of DNA replication is only 5’-3’ direction.