Question

DNA is unique in that it has
A. Nitrogen bases
B. Ability to withstand heat
C. Ability to replicate
D. Ability for replication and transcription

Answer 1

Hint: DNA is a long polymer of deoxyribonucleotides. It is acidic in nature and present in the nucleus. DNA is first observed by Friedrich Meischer in 1869. He named it as Nuclein.

Complete answer:
DNA is also known as deoxy ribonucleic acid. The length of DNA is based on the number of nucleotides (base pairs) present in it. The basic unit of DNA is nucleotide and it has three components:
> Nitrogenous base (purines and pyrimidines)
> Pentose sugar (deoxyribose)
> Phosphate group
A polynucleotide chain shows N-glycosidic linkage and phosphoester linkage. James Watson and Francis Crick proposed a famous double helix model for the structure of DNA.
DNA replication is the process in which a double stranded DNA molecule is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules. DNA replication occurs in all living organisms.
Steps by which DNA replication completes:
> Origin of replication (vectors provides origin of replication)
> Activation of deoxyribonucleotides
> Unwinding of helix
> Formation of primer strand
> Elongation of new strand
Transcription is the process of copying the genetic material from one strand of the DNA into RNA. Both strands of the DNA are not copied during transcription because if the two RNA molecules produced it would make double stranded RNA and this inhibits the translation of RNA into protein.
The segment of DNA that takes part in transcription is called transcriptional unit and it has three components:
> A promoter
> The structural gene
> A terminator
 Replication and transcription are the special abilities possessed by the DNA.

So the correct answer is option D.

Note: DNA and RNA both serve as genetic material. For the transmission of genetic material RNA is better material because DNA is stable and preferred for storage of genetic material. DNA is a storehouse of information and RNA helps in transfer and expressing the information.