Question

Division of cytoplasm is called
(a) Karyokinesis
(b) Crossing over
(c) Cytokinesis
(d) Kinesis

Answer 1

Hint: This happens in the final stage of nuclear division in mitosis and meiosis. It is a stage at which the cell furrow is being cut to form two identical daughter cells from the parent cell.

Complete answer:
Cytokinesis is the part of the cellular division process during which the cytoplasm of one eukaryotic cell divides into two daughter cells. Cytoplasmic divisions start throughout or after the final stages of nuclear division in mitosis and meiosis. During cytokinesis the spindle apparatus division transports duplicated chromatids into the cytoplasm of the dividing daughter cells.
It thereby ensures that chromosome number and complement are maintained from one generation to the next and that, except in special cases, the daughter cells will be functional copies of the parent cell. After the completion of the telophase and cytokinesis, each daughter cell enters the interphase of the cell cycle.
In cell biology, the cytoplasm is all of the fabric within a cell, enclosed by the cell membrane, apart from the nucleus.
There are three parts of the cytoplasm, which are the cytosol, organelles and inclusions.
Cytosol: The cytosol is the portion of the cytoplasm not contained within membrane-bound organelles. Cytosol makes up about 70% of the cell volume and may be a complex mixture of cytoskeleton filaments, dissolved molecules, and water. The cytosol's filaments include the protein filaments like actin filaments and microtubules that structure the cytoskeleton, also as soluble proteins and little structures like ribosomes, proteasomes, and the mysterious vault complexes. The inner, granular and more fluid portion of the cytoplasm is mentioned as endoplasm.
Organelles: Organelles (literally "little organs"), are usually membrane-bound structures inside the cell that have specific functions. Some major organelles that are suspended within the cytosol are the mitochondria, the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi body , vacuoles, lysosomes, and in plant cells, chloroplasts. Cytoplasmic inclusions: The inclusions are small particles of insoluble substances suspended within the cytosol.
So, the correct answer is ‘Cytokinesis’.

Note: Due to the presence of a cell wall, cytokinesis in plant cells is significantly different from that in animal cells, Rather than forming a contractile ring, plant cells construct a cell plate within the middle of the cell