Question

Who divided animals into 'enaima' and 'anaima'?
(А) Aristotle
(B) Linnaeus
(C) Cuvier
(D) Lamarck

Answer 1

Hint: Biological classification is the scientific procedure to classify the organisms into different groups on the basis of their similarities and dissimilarities and placing the groups in a hierarchy of categories. The classification of organisms makes it easier to study the features of organisms.

Complete answer:
The earlier systems of classification of organisms were simple and based on one or two characters. First scientific attempt for classification was performed by Aristotle . Aristotle used simple morphological characters to classify plants into herbs, shrubs and trees. He classified animals into Anaima and Enaima, on the basis of absence and presence of RBCs respectively.
Now let us match this with given options:
Aristotle :- he classified animals into two types namely Anaima :- the organisms which do not have red blood cells and Enaima :- the organisms that possess red blood cells in their blood. Thus this option is correct.
Linnaeus :- Linnaeus classified all living organisms into two kingdoms Plantae and Animalia. The criteria for classification used by him include cell wall, locomotion, mode of nutrition, response to external stimuli and contractile vacuole.
Cuvier :- he gave the theory of catastrophe. He said that animals die and the remains of organisms are preserved as fossils which are destroyed again and again by natural calamities.
Lamarck :- he gave the theory of use and disuse of organs. The organs which are used by organisms must get developed more and more as in case of the long neck of a giraffe . For eating grass they stretch their neck as a result their neck grows long.

Our required answer is A) Aristotle.

Note: (A) Three kingdom classification : Haeckel, suggested that a third kingdom Protista should be Created to include all unicellular microorganisms, This includes a wide variety of unicellular, mostly aquatic eukaryotes, Example- Fungi, Protozoa, Algae, Bacteria and Slime moulds Thus, he proposed three kingdoms, namely - Plantae, Protista and Animalia.
(B) Four kingdom classification : Copeland gave four kingdoms of classification and included Monera as fourth kingdom, This kingdom includes all the prokaryotic organisms i.e. eubacteria (including cyanobacteria or blue-green algae) and archaebacteria.