Question

Distinguish between homologous and analogous organs.

Answer 1

Hint: Out of both i.e homologous and analogous organs one has a similar embryonic origin; analogous organs have a similar function. Some of the organisms may be very closely related to each other, even though there is a minor genetic change caused by a major morphological difference to make them look quite different.

Complete answer:
Similar traits are often either homologous or analogous. Homologous structures share an identical embryonic origin; analogous organs have an identical function. For instance, the bones within the front flipper of a whale are homologous to the bones within the human arm. These structures aren't analogous. The wings of a butterfly and therefore the wings of a bird are analogous but not homologous. Some structures are both analogous and homologous: the wings of a bird and therefore the wings of a bat are both homologous and analogous.

Homologous Structure	Analogous Structure
They show similar anatomy	They show Dissimilar anatomy
Dissimilar functions	Similar Functions
They are Inherited from a common ancestor	They are not inherited from ancestors
Develops in the related species.	These develop in unrelated species
These are the result of divergent evolution	These are the result of convergent evolution
They are developed as a result of the adaptation to a different environment	They are developed as a result of the adaptation to a similar environment
An arm of a human being, the leg of a dog, or a flipper of a whale or fish are all homologous structures	From wings of the birds, bats, and insects to fins in penguins and fishes are all analogous structures

Note:
Some of the organisms could also be very closely related, even though a minor genetic change caused a serious morphological difference to make them look quite different. Similarly, unrelated organisms could also be distantly related, but appear considerably alike. This usually happens because of the reason that both of the organisms were in common adaptations that evolved within environmental conditions that were similar.