Question

Distinguish between cerebrum and cerebellum.

Answer 1

Hint: Brian is a mass of nerve cells enclosed in a bony case called cranium and it constitutes 98% weight of central nervous system. It is divided into three parts:
- Forebrain or pros encephalon
- Midbrain or mesencephalon
- Hindbrain or rhombencephalon

Complete answer:
Cerebrum
- It is a part of the forebrain.
- It is the main and largest part of the brain which is divided by a median fissure into two lateral haves called cerebral hemispheres.
- The outer layer of the cerebral cortex of grey matter has a large number of gyri and sulci on the surface to increase its area.
- It has a dorsal thick roof called pallium.
- Each cerebral hemisphere is divided dorsolaterally by Sylvian fissure into frontal and temporal lobes. Ventrally the hippocampal fissure divides it into outer lateral lobe and outer hippocampal lobe. Its anterior part is divided as a rhinal lobe by rhinal fissures.
- On the floor of telocoel, anteriorly there is a pair of strip of nervous corpus striatum connected by anterior commissure and posteriorly a pair of hippocampi connected by hippocampal commissure.

Cerebellum
- It is a part of the hindbrain.
- It is the second largest part of the brain and constitutes about 1/8th of the size of the cerebrum.
- It is situated below the occipital lobe connected with the ventral brainstem by three peduncles.
- Its outer surface has a large number of gyri and sulci.
- Purkinje cells that are specialized neurons are reported in the vermis area of the cerebellum.

Note: Cerebellum helps in maintaining equilibrium, muscle coordination and muscle tone. It helps in maintaining posture. Walking, running, and voluntary movements required during eating, dressing and writing are maintained. Cerebrum helps in maintaining memory and intelligence.