Question

Differentiate between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons. Give one example of each.

Answer 1

Hint: In a molecule the atoms are bonded with each other through a chemical bond. When a single electron is shared by each atom a single bond is formed. When two electrons are shared by each atom, a double bond is formed. When three electrons are shared by each atom, then a triple bond is formed.

Complete step by step answer:
hydrogen atom. Hydrocarbons are hybride of group 14 which means it comprises hydrogen atoms and elements of group 14. The covalency of carbon is four so it can make bonds with four other atoms to form the molecule.
Hydrocarbons can be aromatic which contains alkynes and alkene types of compounds.
Depending upon the type of bonding the hydrocarbons can be differentiated into saturated hydrocarbons and unsaturated hydrocarbons.
The saturated hydrocarbons are defined as those hydrocarbons where only a single bond is present between the atoms. The saturated hydrocarbons generally contain alkanes. The general formula of alkane is ${C_n}{H_{2n + 2}}$.
The unsaturated hydrocarbons are defined as those hydrocarbons where double and triple bonds are present between the atoms. The unsaturated compound generally contains alkene and alkynes. The general formula of alkene is ${C_n}{H_{2n}}$and the general formula of alkyne is ${C_n}{H_{2n - 2}}$.

Note: The aliphatic alkane and cycloalkanes are saturated hydrocarbons and aromatic compounds are unsaturated hydrocarbons. The carbon of saturated hydrocarbon is $s{p^3}$ hybridized and the carbon of unsaturated hydrocarbon is $s{p^2}$ and sp hybridized.