Question

Differentiate between parthenocarpy and pathogenesis. Give one example of each.

Answer 1

Hint:Both parthenocarpy and pathogenesis are an alternate method of reproduction. In both of these methods, fertilization does not occur, i.e. fusion of male and female gametes does not occur.

Complete answer:
Reproduction is the process by which new offspring are produced. It is one of the most fundamental processes. There are two ways by which the plants reproduce,
1) Asexual mode
2) Sexual mode

Both parthenocarpy and parthenogenesis come under asexual/ alternate of mode of reproduction.

Parthenocarpy	Parthenogenesis
It occurs in fruits.	It occurs in animals.
No fertilization is seen.	Fertilization of ovum is not seen.
Seedless fruits are generally produced.	Offspring is a female clone and does not have the power to reproduce sexually.
It occurs only in plants.	It occurs in lower plants and invertebrate animals.
No offspring are produced.	The offsprings produced are haploid.
It is stimulative or vegetative.	It can be stimulated in animals artificially.
Example: Watermelon, banana.	Example: Lizard, insects, etc

Additional information: In sexual mode of reproduction, male and female gametes are involved. In plants, stamen and pistil are the male and female reproductive organs respectively. In humans, testes and ovary are the male and female reproductive organs respectively.

Note:The advantage of sexual reproduction are,
>Various seedless varieties of plants can be grown by vegitative mode of reproduction.
>As clones of mothers are produced, undesirable characteristics can be eliminated.
>Large numbers of offsprings can be produced in a short period of time.
>Less amount of attention is required for plants which are grown via asexual mode of reproduction.