Question

Differentiate between
a. Myelinated and Non-myelinated axons
b. Dendrites and Axons
c. Rods and Cones
d. Thalamus and Hypothalamus
e. Cerebrum and Cerebellum

Answer 1

Hint: The most important part of the body is the brain. It manages and controls all the functioning of the body. It has various parts-cerebrum, cerebellum and brainstem. It controls speech, intelligence, memory etc.

Complete answer:
a. myelinated and non-myelinated axons

Myelinated axon	Non-myelinated axon
When the axon is covered with a white sheath, it is called a myelinated axon.	When the axon is not covered with the white sheath, it is called the non-myelinated axon.
The conduction of nerve impulse is faster and avoids the loss of impulse.	The conduction of nerve impulse is slow and there are chances of losing the impulse.

b. dendrites and axons

Dendrites	Axons
It is the different component of a neuron.	It is the afferent component of the neuron.
They are the long, thick neurite structure.	They are thin, branched and small neurites.

c. rods and cons

Rods	Cons
These photoreceptor cells are sensitive to the dim light.	These photoreceptor cells are sensitive to bright light.
They have visual purple pigment known as rhodopsin.	They have a visual violet pigment called iodopsin.

d. thalamus and hypothalamus

Thalamus	Hypothalamus
It takes information from the brain parts to the cerebral cortex.	It regulates the body temperature, metabolisms, blood pressure etc.
It is a cone-shaped part of the brain.	It has two lobes which are interconnected.

e. cerebrum and cerebellum

Cerebrum	Cerebellum
It is the part of the forebrain.	It is part of the hindbrain.
It controls the voluntary actions of the body.	It controls the equilibrium of the body.

Note: The human brain is the largest out of all the vertebrates. It makes 2percent of human body weight. One-eighth of the mass of the brain is covered by the cerebellum. 75% of the brain is filled with water. The brain grows in size in a lifetime.