
What is the difference between viroids and prions?
Answer
421.5k+ views
Hint: Plant pathogens are microscopic, circular, single-stranded particles known as viroids. They do not contribute to protein synthesis, although they are essential secondary structures. They are made up entirely of nucleic acid and have no protein.
Prion is an aberrant or misfolded protein that causes fatal sickness in animals and humans by infecting normal variations of the same protein with its misfolded structure.
Complete answer:
Note:
Human disease is not caused by viruses. They are the ones to blame for crop disasters. Tomatoes, potatoes, coconut palms, and other plants are affected by viroids. Viruses include only RNA molecules that do not coat protein, whereas RNA or DNA molecules are wrapped within a protein coat in viruses. Viroids are secondary structures that don't have any proteins in them.
Prion is an aberrant or misfolded protein that causes fatal sickness in animals and humans by infecting normal variations of the same protein with its misfolded structure.
Complete answer:
VIROIDS | PRIONS |
Viroids are the tiniest infectious pathogens, consisting only of a single strand of circular, single-stranded self-replicating RNA with no protein coating. | Prion is an aberrant or misfolded protein that causes fatal sickness in animals and humans by infecting normal variations of the same protein with its misfolded structure. |
It is an infectious RNA particle | It is an infectious protein particle. |
It's made up entirely of single-stranded circular RNA. | It is only composed of Protein. |
Nucleic acid is present. | Nucleic acid is absent. |
Protein coat is absent. | Protein coat is not known. |
Viroids are inactivated by ribonuclease digestion. | Proteinase K and trypsin digestion inactivate prions. |
Resistant to proteinase K and trypsin digestion | Resistant to ribonuclease treatment. |
Viroids are smaller than virus | Smaller than viroids. |
Viroid infects only higher plants (Exception: hepatitis D virus in humans is similar to viroid) | Prions infect animals causing neurological degenerative diseases |
Example: Potato Spindle Tuber Disease and Chrysanthemum Stunt Disease are two common plant diseases. | Examples: Mad cow disease in cows and Scrapie disease in sheep and goat, Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD), Kuru. |
Note:
Human disease is not caused by viruses. They are the ones to blame for crop disasters. Tomatoes, potatoes, coconut palms, and other plants are affected by viroids. Viruses include only RNA molecules that do not coat protein, whereas RNA or DNA molecules are wrapped within a protein coat in viruses. Viroids are secondary structures that don't have any proteins in them.
Recently Updated Pages
Master Class 11 Business Studies: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

Master Class 11 Economics: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

Master Class 11 Accountancy: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

Master Class 11 Computer Science: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

Master Class 11 English: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

Master Class 11 Maths: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

Trending doubts
The flightless birds Rhea Kiwi and Emu respectively class 11 biology CBSE

Difference Between Prokaryotic Cells and Eukaryotic Cells

1 ton equals to A 100 kg B 1000 kg C 10 kg D 10000 class 11 physics CBSE

One Metric ton is equal to kg A 10000 B 1000 C 100 class 11 physics CBSE

1 Quintal is equal to a 110 kg b 10 kg c 100kg d 1000 class 11 physics CBSE

Net gain of ATP in glycolysis a 6 b 2 c 4 d 8 class 11 biology CBSE
