Question

What is the difference between distillation and fractional distillation?

Answer 1

Hint: In order to deal with this question we will differentiate distillation and fractional distillation on the basis of their boiling point, technique, experimental setup and according to their uses.

Complete step-by-step answer:
Distillation:
Distillation is a method used to isolate boiling point liquids and consists of gaps of at least 50 degrees.
You don't have to replicate the cycle to get pure components.
The set-up is simple and creative. Want a basic two-flask device and a condenser.
Use this method to distinguish a solvent from a solute.
Used for seawater purification.

Fractional distillation:
Fractional distillation is a method used to isolate liquids which boil closer.
In order to produce pure components the process must be replicated many times.
The testing system is complicated. We need a robust column-fractionation apparatus.
Cannot use this method to distinguish a liquid from a liquid.
Used when refining crude oil.

Note- Distillation is used for a wide variety of chemical uses including refining of gasoline, bottled water, xylene, alcohol, paraffin, kerosene, and many other liquids. Gas can be independently liquefied, and expelled. Water distills ammonia, oxygen and argon, for example.
One example of a simple distillation mixture is the extraction of saltwater to obtain pure water and salt. Throughout the distillation process, the gas begins to evaporate and the vapor gradually cools down to become liquid water. Clean water is collected in a second tank.
Fractional distillation is used in oil refineries to separate crude oil into functional substances (or fractions) which have different hydrocarbons of different boiling points. Crude oil fractions which have higher boiling points are: they have more carbon atoms. Provide the molecules with lower weights.