Question

What is the difference between centromere, centrosome and centriole?

Answer 1

Hint: We note the etymology of words with centromere meaning the central part, centrosome meaning the central body and centriole just meaning centre. This suggests that centriole is the most fundamental, centrosomes exist independently and the centromere is part of a larger structure. All three structures are found in eukaryotic cells.

Complete answer:
The centrioles lie inside centrosomes only in animals and in general, they function independently. Centromeres on the other hand have a different job altogether inside the chromosome.

Let us study in detail the difference in each type.

Centriole	Centromere	Centrosome
Centrioles are paired barrel-shaped organelles located in the cytoplasm of animal cells near the nuclear envelope.	The centromere is the central region of the chromosome which consists of highly constricted DNA.	The centrosome is an organelle that serves as the organizing centre of all microtubules in an animal cell.
These tube-like structures aid in cell division by helping in the formation of spindle fibres that separate chromosomes during cell division.	Its major role is to provide a site in the middle of a chromosome for the binding of microtubules via the kinetochores. During cell division, it is responsible for the movement of the replicated chromosomes to the daughter cells.	They play an essential role in the formation of cilia and flagella. They also help in maintaining cell shape.
It occurs in animal cells.	Centromeres occur in all eukaryotic cells.	It occurs in animal cells.

Note: Centrosomes, centrioles and centromeres are associated with cell cycle and cell division. Centrosomes and centrioles occur in the animal cell whereas centrosomes are found in both plant and animal cell. The spindle fibres are formed with the help of centriole which attaches to the centromere during the cell division.