Question

How did Indonesia become independent?

Answer 1

Hint: The Indonesian National Revolution or War of Independence was an armed uprising or diplomatic struggle that occurred between Indonesia and Dutch powers.

Complete answer: The Indonesian Independence movement began in May 1908, which is commemorated as the “Day of National Awakening”. It occurred during Indonesia’s declaration of independence in 1945 and the Netherland’s recognition of Indonesia’s independence in 1949, thus becoming the largest Muslim country in the world. The struggle lasted for over four years and involved bloody political and communal uprisings and two major international diplomatic interventions. Dutch forces were too weak to establish dominion over inexperienced but determined Indonesians. Indonesia ultimately prevailed. The Revolution destroyed a colonial administration ruled from the other side of the world. The revolution took place immediately after the Japanese surrendered in the Second World War in 1945 and lasted until the end of that year. The World War shook the already weakened foundations of the Dutch colonial state. Most importantly, Japanese authorities mobilised the Indonesian population on Java. The most influential nationalist leader, Soekarno (1901-1970) was brought out to address the Javanese people. On 17th August 1945, Indonesia under Soekarno proclaimed its independence. The latter was supported by the high rank Japanese commander. The Dutch were not ready to let go of their colony. The war broke out, clashes occurred and many people lost their lives. The Dutch prepared for two major attacks against Indonesian freedom fighters. Operatie Product and Operatie Kraai were launched in December 1948. The Indonesian freedom fighters refused to surrender and continued the guerilla warfare. The war ended and the Dutch agreed to accept the Indonesian sovereignty, besides that Indonesia was forced to pay 4 billion guilders to the Netherlands. The demands went even higher. The sovereignty was formally transferred to Indonesia on December 27, 1949.

Note: After Indonesia got independence, there was a new surge in the Indonesian people , a new interest in writing and education was seen.