Question

How did Dalton Atomic Theory explain the law of definite proportions?

Answer 1

Hint:The Dalton Atomic theory was explained by the law of definite proportion which says that the compound formed by combining the atoms contains exactly the same proportion of element by mass.

Complete step by step answer:Dalton gave the modern atomic theory and gave six postulates.
The postulates involved in Daltons’ atomic theory are given below.
(1) All matter contains indivisible particles called atoms.
(2) Atoms belonging to the same element are similar in shape and mass but differ from the atoms of the other element.
(3) Atoms cannot be created nor be destroyed.
(4) Atoms of the same element combine more than one ratio to form two or more compounds.
(5) Atoms of the different elements combine with each other in a simple whole number ratio.
(6) The atom is the smallest unit taking part in chemical reaction.
The law of definite proportion states that chemical compounds contain exactly the same proportion of element by mass.
In other words the law of definite proportion states that elements are always combined in the same proportion by mass.
Example: all the compounds containing carbon monoxide contain 42.88 % carbon and 57.12% oxygen by mass.
The Dalton atomic theory explains the law of definite proportions. Dalton proposed that the smallest particle of carbon monoxide is a molecule which contains one oxygen atom and one carbon atom.
When oxygen atom contains mass about 1.33 times the carbon atom, carbon monoxide will have the above composition.

Note:
In chemistry, the law of definite proportion, sometimes called Proust's law, or law of constant composition states that a given chemical compound always contains its component elements in fixed ratio and does not depend on its source and method of preparation.