Question

Who described the Golgi apparatus?
A. Robert Hooke
B. Robert Brown
C. Rudolf Virchow
D. Camillo Golgi

Answer 1

Hint:The Golgi complex or Golgi apparatus occurs mostly in all eukaryotes and are absent in prokaryotes, mammalian RBCs, sieve tubes of plants etc. It is a disc-shaped organelle having cisternae which are arranged in parallel rows separated by thin intercisternal space.

Complete step by step answer:It is also known as Golgi body and Dictyosomes. Firstly it was discovered in nerve cell of barn owl and have following structures –
Cisternae : These are sac like and flattened, vary in number (mainly 3 to 28) in plant cells. These are arranged in parallel rows and each cisternae has space between them. These have 2 surfaces –
Cis – face (convex face) which is away from the nucleus.
Trans – face (concave face) towards the nucleus.
The transported material in the form of vesicles fuses towards the Cis face. The processed vesicles are transported through each cisternal plate and finally excreted by Trans face.
Vesicles : There are two types of vesicles –
Coated vesicles (about 50 nm in diameter)
Secretory vesicles (about 1000 nm in diameter).
Additional information: Golgi apparatus generally occur scattered throughout the cytoplasm in plant cells. There are about 10 to 20 Golgi bodies in each plant cell. But in animal cells, they are about 3 to 7 per cell and remain localized or diffuse.
The correct answer is option D i.e.,Camillo Golgi.

Note:In plant cells, they synthesize cellulose and carbohydrates. Vesicles will form lysosomes and these vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane. It is involved in transport and secretion of material out of the cell.