Question

Describe with the help of a diagram the structure of Golgi body and state its function.

Answer 1

Hint: Golgi body is a cell organelle found in most of the eukaryotic cells. It is the part of the endo-membrane system present in the cytoplasm which packages proteins into membrane enclosed vesicles inside the cell structure.

Complete answer:

Golgi bodies reside at the intersection of the secretory, lysosomal, and endocytic pathways. It is an important organelle.

Cell organelle in processing proteins for secretion, contain groups of glycosylation enzymes that are attached with sugar monomers to proteins as the protein moves through the apparatus. Golgi bodies are made up of a series of compartments which are collectively fused, flattened membrane disks which are known as cisternae which originate from the vesicular clusters that originate from the endoplasmic reticulum. Golgi bodies are larger and more numerous in cells which are responsible for the secretion of large amounts of substances which includes antibody secreting plasma B cells which help in providing immunity.

Golgi apparatus is known as a dispatch station of protein products which are received from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The package in which proteins are packed and fused into Golgi apparatus by endoplasmic reticulum gets transported to all parts of the cells along with the extracellular spaces. Golgi apparatus is also responsible for lipid transport and lysosome formation.

Note: Due to the large size of the Golgi apparatus it was the first cell organelle to be discovered in 1898 by Italian physician Camillo Golgi during the investigation of the nervous system.