Question

Describe with a chemical equation the Laboratory method for the preparation of ammonia. Write its reaction with the following:
A.Oxygen in presence of platinum at \[800^\circ C\] .
B.Red hot copper oxide.

Answer 1

Hint: Chemical formula is a way to write a substance using the chemical symbol and number subscripts to mention the number of the atoms into that chemical compound. Ammonia is an inorganic compound. The formula of ammonia is \[N{H_3}\] . Ammonia is a Lewis base it can donate an electron to an electron-deficient species like Lewis acids.

Complete step by step answer:
In the laboratory, on the reaction of ammonium chloride with NaOH, it forms salt sodium chloride, water, and ammonia. The reaction is shown below.
 \[N{H_4}Cl + NaOH\xrightarrow{{Heat}}NaCl + N{H_{3}} + {H_{2}}O\]
Here this moist ammonia can be dried using limestone (CaO).
Now, according to the question, the reactions for the following,
Oxygen in presence of platinum at \[800^\circ C\] .
 \[4N{H_3} + 5{O_2}\xrightarrow{{Pt/{{800}^0}C}}4NO + 6{H_2}O\]
Red hot copper oxide.
 \[2N{H_3} + 3CuO\xrightarrow{\Delta }3Cu + 3{H_2}O + {N_2}\]

Note:
The Heber process is used to prepare ammonia. In this reaction, nitrogen and hydrogen gas is used and to the catalyst, the reaction solid iron is used. The reaction is shown below,
 \[{N_2}(g) + 3{H_2}(g)\xrightarrow{{Fe}}2N{H_3}(g)\]
Now for understanding the conditions that are the most favorable for this process, we need to understand the changes that are involved with this process.
1.The formation of ammonia using Haber’s Process involves the release of energy. This means that the formation of ammonia is an exothermic process.
2. In Haber’s Process, 4 moles of reactants form 2 moles of product. Hence the number of moles of the product formed is less than the number of reactants.