Question

Describe the given picture.

Answer 1

Hint: The given image is microscopic in nature as the labeled parts cannot be seen to the naked eye. The labeled bacterial chromosome suggests it is a bacterial cell. There is also a presence of the cell wall and capsule which gives an idea of whether the bacterial cell is Gram-positive or negative.

Complete answer:
The given image of a bacteria, a microscopic prokaryotic organism.
- The cell consists of a cell membrane and a cell wall and is additionally enclosed in a capsule. These structures are to provide shape, protection, and to allow the exchange of various molecules from the outer environment.
- A flagellum projects from the cell wall and helps in the motility of the cell.
- The bacterial chromosome is present without a nuclear envelope, which is a characteristic of the organism. There are plasmids also present that provide genetic material other than the chromosome.
- The cytoplasm is the matrix that holds all of the organelles inside the cell together. It also stores nutrients and enzymes for metabolic processes.
- Glycogen granules are the structures for the storage of food for the cell.
- The presence of a cell wall may be an indication that the cell is Gram-positive in nature.
- Bacteria is a large domain of microscopic organisms and they consist of numerous phyla. Examples include Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Deinococcus, etc.
- Bacteria display a wide variety of morphologies such as coccus, bacillus, coccobacillus, filamentous, vibrio, etc.

Note:
Some bacteria exist in groups such as diploids (Neisseria), tetrads, chains (Streptococci), sarcina (Sarcinae), etc.
- Bacteria exist in groups for carrying out various functions such as biofilms, quorum sensing, secondary structures, etc.