Question

Define genomics. Give any two applications of it.

Answer 1

Hint: Genomics is the study of the genome. Genome of an organism is the complete set of genes present in the DNA of an organism. The term genomics was coined by Tom Roderick.

Complete Answer:
Genomics is the collective characterization of all the genes present in an organism. It also defines the interrelations and influence on the organism.

The genomics is useful in determining the sequence of molecules that make the genetic constituent of an organism. The genome consists of DNA which is present in the chromosome. They contain genes which are the units of transcription. DNA transcribed to RNA and RNA translates into amino acid sequences. These amino acid sequences are called proteins which are important for growth and development of an organism.

Application of genomics:
- Genomics help in finding the cure of diseases. The genome analysis helps in studying the genome of an individual and predicts the risk of any disease. Thus the drugs and cure can be done before the onset of the disease.
- Genomics also involves the sequencing and analysis of the genome through DNA sequencing which helps in analysing the structure and function of the entire genome.
- It also helps in understanding the most complicated biological systems such as heart, brain etc.

Note: The main objective of genomics is to find out the complete set of human genomes and make it more applicable for further studies. Also it aims in determining the complete DNA sequence in the human genome.