Question

Death Valley holds the record for the highest recorded temperature in the United States. In July $10,1913$, at a place called Furnace Creek Ranch, the temperature rose to ${134^ \circ }F$. The lowest U.S. temperature ever recorded occurred at Prospect Creek Camp in Alaska in January $23,1971$, when the temperature plummeted to$ - {79.8^ \circ }F$.
(A) Convert these temperatures to the Celsius scale.
(B) Convert the Celsius temperature to Kelvin.

Answer 1

Hint In the question, we are given the highest recorded temperatures in the United States in the year $1913$. The temperature readings are given on the Fahrenheit scale. The lowest temperature is also given. In the question, we are asked to convert the temperatures in Fahrenheit to Celsius and then convert from Celsius to Kelvin.
Formula used
${T_c} = \dfrac{5}{9}\left( {{T_F} - 32.0} \right)$
Where ${T_c}$is the temperature in Celsius and,${T_F}$ is the temperature in Fahrenheit.
${T_K} = {T_c} + 273.15$
Where ${T_c}$ is the temperature in Celsius and ${T_K}$is the temperature in Kelvin.

Complete Step by step solution
The temperature at Furnace Creek Ranch is given by, ${T_F} = {134^ \circ }F$
To convert the temperature from Fahrenheit into Celsius we have to use the equation,
${T_c} = \dfrac{5}{9}\left( {{T_F} - 32.0} \right)$
Substituting the value of ${T_F}$, the equation will become
${T_c} = \dfrac{5}{9}\left( {134 - 32.0} \right)$$ = {56.7^ \circ }C$
The temperature at prospect Creek Camp is given by ${T_F} = - {79.8^ \circ }F$
${T_c} = d\frac{5}{9}\left( {{T_F} - 32.0} \right)$
Substituting the value of ${T_F}$, the equation will become
${T_c} = \dfrac{5}{9}\left( { - 79.8 - 32.0} \right) = - {62.1^ \circ }C$
To convert the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin, we have to use the equation
${T_K} = {T_c} + 273.15$
The temperature at Furnace Creek Ranch is given by,${T_c} = {56.7^ \circ }C$
${T_K} = {T_c} + 273.15$
Substituting the value of ${T_c}$
${T_K} = 56.7 + 273.15 = 329.15K$
The temperature at prospect Creek Camp is given by, ${T_c} = - {62.1^ \circ }C$
${T_K} = {T_c} + 273.15$
${T_K} = - 62.1 + 273.15 = 211.05K$

Additional Information
According to scientists, theoretically, the coldest temperature that can be achieved is $ - 273$ degree Celsius. This temperature is not achieved till now but can almost be achieved. This value of temperature is called absolute zero. It is believed that molecular motion can be stopped at this temperature.

Note
Temperature conversion formulae should be remembered. To convert temperature in Kelvin to Celsius we have to reverse the formula. i.e. ${T_c} = {T_K} - 273.15$. To convert the temperature from Fahrenheit to Celsius we have to deduct $32$ from the given temperature, then multiply by $5$ and then divide by $9$.