Question

Corpus luteum develops from

Answer 1

Hint: A corpus luteum is a mass of cells that forms in an ovary and is responsible for producing progesterone during early pregnancy.

Complete answer:
 In the female reproductive system, the corpus luteum is a yellow hormone-secreting body. It develops in an ovary at the site of a mature follicle, or sac, that has released its ovum, or egg, during the process known as ovulation.

The corpus luteum is composed of lutein cells (from the Latin luteus, which means "saffron-yellow"), which form immediately after ovulation when yellow pigment and lipids accumulate within the granulosa cells lining the follicle. The corpus luteum's size varies greatly.

Estrogens and progesterone are secreted by the corpus luteum. The latter hormone causes changes in the uterus that make it more conducive to implantation of the fertilized ovum and embryo nourishment. If the egg is not fertilized, the corpus luteum becomes inactive and menstruation occurs after 10–14 days.

The corpus luteum is coloured due to the concentration of carotenoids (including lutein) in the diet, and it secretes a moderate amount of estrogen, which inhibits further release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and thus the secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Each menstrual cycle results in the formation of a new corpus luteum.

The Graafian follicle is a nest of cells that develops into a fluid-filled cyst containing a maturing ovum. One mature ovum is released into the fallopian tube. The ovum that has been released travels down the tube to the uterus. Meanwhile, the ovary's empty Graafian follicle fills with cells containing a yellow substance known as the corpus luteum.

Hence, the Corpus luteum develops from a ruptured Graafian follicle.

Note: In females, the corpus luteum is critical for establishing and maintaining pregnancy. The corpus luteum secretes progesterone, a steroid hormone that is responsible for the endometrium's decidualization (development) and maintenance. It also produces relaxin, a hormone that softens the pubic symphysis, which aids in parturition.