Question

Conjugation fungi are _________
A.Oomycetes
B.Zygomycetes
C.Ascomycetes
D.Mushrooms

Answer 1

Hint: Fungi are the filamentous organisms except the yeast. Fungi consist of slender, long thread-like structures called as hyphae and the web of hyphae is called as mycelium. The cell wall of the fungi is composed of polysaccharide and chitin.

Complete answer:
Oomycetes:

• • The oomycetes are also called as the water molds.

• Oomycetes consist of eukaryotic (those who have well defined nucleus) fungi.

• The members of the oomycetes fungi are filamentous and heterotrophic and can reproduce both sexually and asexually.

• The members of oomycetes are more closely related to the algae and plants.

• Examples – Phytophthora infestans, Pythium oligandrum, etc.

Zygomycetes:

• • Zygomycetes are popularly called as the pin moulds.

• The members of the Zygomycetes are terrestrial in habitat, living in soil or on decaying plant or animal material.

• The hyphae of the zygomycetes is coenocytic and forms septa.

• Zygomycetes are called conjugation fungi because they can reproduce sexually and asexually by a process called conjugation.

• Example – Rhizopus, dimargaritales, etc.

Ascomycetes:

• • The presence of ascus is the defining feature of the members of Ascomycetes.

• Ascus is a sexual structure in which ascospores are formed.

• Ascus is the microscopic structure which means it is too small.

• Ascospores are non-motile spores.

• As the spores mature within the ascus, they increase fluid pressure inside and this leads to the top of the ascus to burst and release all the spores.

• Ascomycetes have a diverse habitat.

• Some are members of ascomycetes are saprophytes and some are disease causing pathogens.

• Examples – Cladonia, Penicillium, Candila, Claviceps, etc.

Mushrooms:

• • Mushrooms are also called as the toadstool.

• Mushroom is the fleshy part of the fungi.

• Mushroom is the spore that bear the fruiting body of a fungus.

• They are typically produced above the ground.

• Mushrooms are the edible fungus that can provide several nutrients.

• Mushrooms contain proteins, vitamins, minerals and antioxidants.

• Example – Agaricus, Panus, etc.

Therefore, it has been clear from the above discussion that conjugation fungi are Zygomycetes.
Hence the correct answer is OPTION(B)

Note: Fungi is a kingdom classified as R.H. Whittaker in his five kingdom classification. Fungi are the heterotrophic organisms . They absorb their food by absorbing dissolved molecules by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment.