Question

Coniferales and Cycadales have _____ respectively.
a. Motile sperms
b. Motile and non-motile sperms
c. Non motile and motile sperms
d. Non motile sperms

Answer 1

Hint: The gymnosperms, also acknowledged as Acrogymnospermae, are a collection of seed-producing plants. It involves conifers, cycads, Ginkgo, and gnetophytes. The chief group of living gymnosperms consists of conifers that are tailed by cycads, gnetophytes, and Ginkgo biloba (a solitary living species). In gymnosperms, less pollen may land on a female cone as a consequence of pollination.

Complete answer:
In gymnosperms, a droplet of sugary liquid is liberated by the ovary dries, dragging pollen grains through an opening called the micropyle toward the ovule. When pollen approaches the ovule, the male gametophyte finishes maturation, forming two immotile sperm and one pollen tube.

One of the two sperm formed by each pollen grain degenerates. The pollen tube directs the other sperm to the neighborhood of the female gametophyte because conifer sperms are not motile and are elated by pollen tubes, fertilization is independent of environmental water.
Sperms of conifers are devoid of undulipodia, therefore, are non-motile and in cycad, sperm is motile.

Hence, the correct answer is option (C).

Note: Cycads and Ginkgo possess motile sperm that sway straight to the egg inside the ovule, however conifers and gnetophytes have sperm devoid of flagella that are moved along a pollen tube to the egg. Next to syngamy (joining of the sperm and egg cell), the zygote matures into an embryo (young sporophyte). More than one embryo is typically started in each gymnosperm seed. The mature seed includes the embryo and the remains of the female gametophyte, which aids as a food supply, and the seed coat.