Question

Who composed the national song “Vande Mataram”?

Answer 1

Hint: 1)He began his literary career as a poet before turning to fiction. His first fiction to appear in print was Rajmohan's Wife, an English novel.
2)In 1891, he received the title of Rai Bahadur.
3)He wrote a total of thirteen novels as well as many satirical, serious, scientific and critical treatises in the Bengali language.

Complete answer:
Vande Mataram is a song written in the Sanskrit language by Bankimchandra Chatterji. This poem was a source of inspiration for the people in their struggle for freedom. It has the same status as the National anthem Jana-gana-mana. The first political occasion when the poem was sung was during the session of the Indian National Congress in the year 1896.
Vande Mataram played a role in incarnating India as a mother goddess and inspiring several activists during the Indian Independence Movement.

Chatterjee included the poem in his Bengali novel Anandamath in 1882. The first two verses of the song were adopted by the Congress Working Committee as the National Song of India during October 1937 before the termination of colonial rule in August 1947.
The title 'Vande Mataram' means 'I bow down to you, Mother' or 'I bow down to you, Mother.' In 1905, it became a popular marching song for political activism and the Indian Freedom Movement.

Sri Aurobindo referred to it as the National Anthem of Bengal. The British government forbade the song and novel. But workers and the general public challenged the ban, many of them even went to colonial prisons repeatedly for singing the poem. Finally the ban was invalidated by the Indians after they gained independence from colonial rule.

Note: 1)On 24 January 1950, the Indian Constituent Assembly adopted "Vande Mataram" as its national song.
2)The first translation into English of the novel Anandamath by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay, including the poem Vande Mataram, was by Nares Chandra Sen-Gupta, with the fifth edition, published in 1906, entitled "The Abbey of Bliss".
3)The modern composition of Vande Mataram is credited to V. D. Paluskar, the founder of Gandharva Mahavidyalaya and Akhil Bharatiya Gandharva Mahavidyalaya Mandal.