Question

Complete the table-

Name of the salt	Formula	Salt obtained from Base	Salt obtained fromAcid
Ammonium chloride	$N{H_4}Cl$	\[N{H_4}OH\]
2.Copper sulphate			\[{H_2}S{O_4}\]
Sodium chloride	$NaCl$	\[NaOH\]
Magnesium nitrate	\[Mg{(N{O_3})_2}\]		\[HN{O_3}\]
Potassium sulphate	\[{K_2}S{O_4}\]
Calcium nitrate	\[Ca{(N{O_3})_2}\]	\[Ca{(OH)_2}\]

Answer 1

Hint:The cation is always derived from base while the anion is derived from acid . This is how a chemical formula of salt is written.
(i). Ammonium chloride is salt of compound which has ammonium ion and chloride ion which furnishes chloride ions and hydronium ions in acidic solution.
 (ii). Copper sulphate is the salt of any compound of copper and sulphuric acid which furnishes sulphate ions in solution.
 (iii). Sodium chloride is the salt of sodium and chloride ions which furnishes chloride ions and hydronium ions in acidic solution.
 (iv). Magnesium nitrate is the salt of magnesium ion and nitrate ions which furnishes chloride and magnesium ion in basic solution.
(v). Potassium sulphate is the salt of sulphuric acid furnishes iodine and hydronium ions in base and acidic solution respectively.
(vi). Calcium nitrate is the salt of calcium compound and nitric acid which furnishes hydronium and nitrate ions in acidic solution.

Complete step-by-step answer: Acids and bases react with each other to form salt and water. Here, some of the salts , bases and acids are given . We have to complete the table as per the requirement . Let us complete one by one-
(i) We have been given ammonium chloride. Formula for ammonium chloride is.
It is prepared by reaction between any salt of potassium and hydrochloric acid. The compound containing ammonium will give ammonium ion and hydrochloric acid will provide chloride ion .
$N{H_4}^ + (base) + C{l^ - }(acid) \to N{H_4}Cl$
The acid here is hydrochloric acid .
$HCl$ is the acid here.
(ii) The next in the line is copper sulphate . Sulphate is obtained from sulphuric acid and copper is obtained from one of its salts.
$C{u^{2 + }}(base) + SO_4^{2 - }(salt) \to CuS{O_4}$
The formula of copper sulphate is $CuS{O_4}$ and the base is copper oxide $CuO$.
(iii) The next compound given is Sodium Chloride. The salt is of sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid. Sodium ion from sodium hydroxide and chloride ion from hydrochloric acid react to form sodium chloride.
$N{a^ + } + C{l^ - } \to NaCl$
The acid here is $HCl$ .
(iv)We now have magnesium nitrate. It is the salt of magnesium and nitric acid.
$M{g^{2 + }} + NO_3^ - \to Mg{(N{O_3})_2}$
The base here is a compound of magnesium. Let us say - $MgC{l_2}$
(v) The given compound is potassium sulphate. It is a salt of potassium and sulphuric acid.
$KI + {H_2}S{O_4} \to {K_2}S{O_4}$
These will be the elements of the table.
(vi) The last compound is Calcium Nitrate . It is formed by reaction between calcium hydroxide and nitric acid.
$Ca{(OH)_2} + HN{O_3} \to Ca{(N{O_3})_2}$
We can now fill up the table.

Name of the salt	Formula	Base	Acid
Ammonium chloride	$N{H_4}Cl$	$N{H_4}OH$	$HCl$
Copper sulphate	$CuS{O_4}$	$CuO$	${H_2}S{O_4}$
Sodium chloride	$NaCl$	$NaOH$	$HCl$
Magnesium nitrate	$Mg{(N{O_3})_2}$	$MgC{l_2}$	$HN{O_3}$
Potassium sulphate	${K_2}S{O_4}$	$KI$	${H_2}S{O_4}$
Calcium nitrate	$Ca{(N{O_3})_2}$	$Ca{(OH)_2}$	$HN{O_3}$

Note:These are the neutralisation reactions in which an acid and a base react with each other to form salt. The salts are formed when the base donates the cation and the acid donates the anion .