Question

Complete the following:

State of matter	Fluidity or rigidity	Compressibility
Solid	(i)	Almost nil
Liquid	Fluid	(iii)
Gas	(ii)	(iv)

(i) slightly more acidic than solids (ii) high (iii) fluid (iv) rigid
(i) rigid (ii) fluid (iii) slightly more than solids (iv) high
(i) high (ii) fluid (iii) slightly more than solids (iv) fluid
(i) rigid (ii) fluid (iii) high (iv) slightly more than solids

Answer 1

Hint: Rigidity refers to the property of a solid to resist any deformation in its shape. Rigidity simply means stiffness.
Fluidity refers to the property of flowing easily.
Compressibility refers to the property of a fluid due to which the volume of the fluid decreases on application of pressure.

Complete step by step answer:
-In the solid state, matter has a definite volume and a definite shape. The constituent particles in a solid are very closely packed and the forces of attraction which holds the constituent particles are very high.
-Due to these strong forces of attraction, the constituent particles in a solid are very close to one another, i.e., the intermolecular distance between them is minimum. As a result, they cannot move freely, they move very little. Thus, solids are very hard and rigid. Also, they do not have much compressibility.
-The liquid state of matter has a definite volume but does not have a definite shape. It is the intermediate state between solids and gases. Unlike solids, the constituent particles in a liquid are not very closely packed and the forces of attraction which hold the particles are comparatively less than that in solids.
- As a result, the constituent particles are not so close to one another, i.e., the intermolecular distance between them is more than that in solids and they can move freely than solids. So, they possess fluidity. Liquids also do not have much compressibility but compressibility is slightly more than in case of solids.
-The gaseous state of matter does not possess either a definite volume or a definite shape. The constituent particles in a gas are loosely packed and the forces of attraction which holds the particles are the least in this state.
-As a result, the constituent particles in a gas are separated from one another by very large distances, i.e., the intermolecular spaces between gas particles are more than that in liquids and solids. Hence, the particles can move randomly in all directions. So gases have very high fluidity, even higher than liquids. Because of the same reason, gases suffer too much change in volume when pressure is applied and so they have very high compressibility.

Hence, the correct option is (B) (i) rigid (ii) fluid (iii) slightly more than solids (iv) high.

Note:

The kinetic energy of gases at a given temperature is maximum as they move with high speeds due to weakest intermolecular forces of attraction among them. Liquids have less amount of kinetic energy than gases while solids have the least.
Because solid particles are close to one another, they have high densities. Liquids have lower densities than solids as their particles are loosely packed than in solids while gases have the least densities.