Question

Complete the following reaction:
Sulphuric acid + Calcium Hydroxide $\to $
(A) No reaction
(B) Calcium sulphite + water
(C) Calcium sulphate +water
(D) Calcium sulphide + water

Answer 1

Hint: A neutralization reaction can be defined as a chemical reaction in which an acid and base quantitatively react together to form salt and water as products. Chemical species which gives ${{H}^{+}}$ in water, is an acid, and Chemical species which gives $O{{H}^{-}}~$ in water, is a base.

Complete step by step solution:
Sulfuric acid, also called oil of vitriol, or hydrogen sulfate, dense, colourless, oily, corrosive liquid; one of the most commercially important of all chemicals. Sulfuric acid is a very strong acid; in aqueous solutions it ionizes completely to form hydronium ions $({{H}_{3}}{{O}^{+}})$and hydrogen sulfate ions $(HS{{O}_{4}}^{-})$. In dilute solutions the hydrogen sulfate ions also dissociate, forming more hydronium ions and sulfate ions $(S{{O}_{4}}^{2-})$.
Calcium hydroxide (traditionally called slaked lime) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Ca(OH)2. It is a colourless crystal or white powder and is produced when quicklime (calcium oxide) is mixed or slaked with water.
Sulphuric acid+ Calcium hydroxide $\to $ Calcium sulphate + Water
\[{{H}_{2}}S{{O}_{4}}\to 2{{H}^{+}}+S{{O}_{4}}{{}^{2-}}\]
As \[{{H}_{2}}S{{O}_{4}}\] gives${{H}^{+}}$ in water, it is an acid (Arrhenius Theory)
\[Ca{{\left( OH \right)}_{2}}\to C{{a}^{2+}}+2O{{H}^{-}}\]
As \[Ca{{\left( OH \right)}_{2}}~\] gives $O{{H}^{-}}~$ in water, it is a base (Arrhenius Theory). Hence it is a neutralization reaction.
Neutralization equation:
Acid+Base $\to $Salt+water
So, the net equation of Sulphuric acid + Calcium Hydroxide will be the formation of calcium and water:
\[2{{H}_{2}}S{{O}_{4}}+Ca{{\left( OH \right)}_{2}}\to CaS{{O}_{4}}+2{{H}_{2}}O\]

Therefore, the correct answer will be the (C) option.

Note: In addition to being an oxidizing agent, reacting readily at high temperatures with many metals, carbon, sulfur, and other substances, concentrated sulfuric acid is also a strong dehydrating agent, combining violently with water; in this capacity, it chars many organic materials, such as wood, paper, or sugar, leaving a carbonaceous residue.