Question

Compare narrowly utilitarian and broadly utilitarian approaches to conserve biodiversity with the help of suitable examples.

Answer 1

Hint: Narrowly utilitarian refers to certain aspects of biodiversity or certain animals and plants from which human benefits are obtained, such as medicines, wood, cereals, etc. Broadly utilitarian refers to biodiversity’s large and general uses, such as pollination, oxygen, and artistic value, which would not be limited to a single species.

Complete Answer:
- Numerous biological species make up the world in which we live. If it's birds, fish, and plants, they're all part of the biodiversity. The word biodiversity was defined as a reduction of biological diversity by E.O. Wilson in 1985.
- Biodiversity depletion has been very active over the years. This is as a result of loss of habitat, unsustainable resource use, climate change, disease, waste, animal poaching, etc. Biodiversity protection has been majorly emphasised by governments and civil organisations in order to fix this situation.

Sl.No	Narrowly utilitarian	Broadly utilitarian
1.	The narrow utilitarian approach to biodiversity conservation is due to all the benefits of biodiversity being derived by human beings. It deals with the needs of humans.	The broad utilitarian method for biodiversity conservation is basically for the protection of nature because of all the advantages and moral obligations that humans have for nature.
2.	Narrow utilitarian includes most direct economic benefits, such as food, firewood, fibre, building materials, industrial products and medicinal products obtained from nature.	Broad Utilitarian includes oxygen production. It is estimated that the Amazon forest can produce 20 % of the overall oxygen in the atmosphere by photosynthesis. Pollination gives pollinators such as flies, bumblebees, birds and bats.

Note: The conservation of biodiversity is primarily oriented towards the security, improvement and scientific management of biodiversity. Manage it at the threshold level to achieve economic gains for both the current and future society, to be exact. The two essential approaches to the conservation of biodiversity are in situ conservation and ex situ conservation.