Question

Compare aggregate fruits with multiple fruits and give suitable examples.

Answer 1

Hint: Aggregate fruits are formed by multicarpellary apocarpous flowers which further develop to become a fruit but in the case of multiple fruits the entire inflorescence (multiple flowers) takes part in the fruit formation.

Complete Answer:

Aggregate fruits	Multiple fruits
When only one flower with an apocarpous ovary gives rise to the fruit formation it is known as an aggregate fruit.	Multiple or composite flowers are formed when all the flowers of an inflorescence give rise to the fruit.
In an apocarpous ovary, each carpel is separated from each other and thus the fruit formed by each one is known as a fruitlet.	In the case of composite fruit, each flower of the inflorescence gives rise to a fruitlet whereas in aggregate fruit each ovary of the same flower did.
Aggregate fruits are further divided into etaerio of follicles, etaerio of achenes, etaerio of berries, and etaerio of drupes.	Multiple fruits are divided into sorosis and syconus type.
Examples of aggregate fruits include Calotropis, strawberry, rose, lotus, raspberry, blackberry.	Examples include jackfruit, pineapple, mulberry, fig, peepal, etc.

Additional information:
-A fruit is formed by the development of the ovary after the fertilization of the ovule occurs. The fertilized ovules give rise to seeds in the fruit.
-Some fruits such as grapes and bananas do not have seeds in them and they are known as parthenocarpic seeds.
-The wall of the ovary becomes the wall of the fruit after development and is known as the pericarp. The pericarp is further divided into outermost epicarp, middle mesocarp, and innermost endocarp.
-When a fruit develops just from the ovary it is known as true fruit as seen in mango, coconut, etc but when the fruit develops from parts other than the ovary like the thalamus it is known as false fruits. Examples-Apple, pear, strawberry.

Note:
-When one flower with only a single ovary gives rise to fruit, it is known as a simple fruit. Such fruits are further divided into dehiscent or indehiscent on the basis of whether they burst during ripening.
-Dehiscent fruit always becomes dry at maturity and bursts automatically to release the seeds.
-Whereas the indehiscent ones may be dry or fleshy but they do not burst open at maturity.