Question

Column II gives a method to separate phases mentioned in column I. Match them and select the correct answer from the codes given below.

Column I	Column II
(a)- Miscible liquids	(p)- Distillation
(b)- Immiscible liquids	(q)- Crystallisation
(c)- Pure copper sulphate from an impure sample	(r)- Sublimation
(d)- Salt and ammonium chloride	(s)- Separating funnel

(A)- (a) - (q), (b) - (s), (c) - (p), (d) - (r)
(B)- (a) - (p), (b) - (s), (c) - (q), (d) - (r)
(C)- (a) - (r), (b) - (s), (c) - (p), (d) - (q)
(D)- (a) - (r), (b) - (s), (c) - (q), (d) - (p)

Answer 1

Hint: The separating methods depend on the phase of the compounds present in the mixture which may have solid-solid, solid-liquid, liquid-liquid phase of the components. Depending on the various properties of boiling point, miscibility etc are considered.

Complete step by step answer:
The given separation methods which depends on the phase of the substances present in it to be separated, takes place as follows:
- In distillation, there are two miscible liquid mixtures such that they have considerable differences in their boiling points. It involves the selective evaporation of the volatile liquid component from the mixture at lower temperature, followed by the condensation. Thus, we may obtain a complete separation of the two liquids, with the increase in the concentration of the component left behind in the mixture.
- In crystallisation, the pure compound dissolves into the solvent at a particular temperature and pressure condition. But slight variation in the condition causes the substance to lower its solubility and form crystals. Thus, the insoluble solid separates from the impure sample.
- In sublimation, the process involves the change of one of the substances in the mixture directly from the solid to the gaseous state. Thus, being a sublimable volatile substance. Such as the naphthalene, ammonium chloride, camphor etc.
- In the separating funnel the mixture consists of two immiscible liquids which separate depending on the density of the liquid. With the denser liquid forming the lower part and the less dense in the upper layer, with a tap in the bottom of the funnel.

Therefore, the correct match between the two columns consisting of the separating method and the phase is option (B)- (a) - (p), (b) - (s), (c) - (q), (d) - (r).

Phase	Method of separation
(a) Miscible liquids	(p) Distillation
(b) Immiscible liquids	(s) Separating funnel
(c) Pure copper sulphate from an impure sample	(q) Crystallisation
(d) Salt and ammonium chloride	(r) Sublimation

Note: The phase of the components of the mixture with properties like boiling point, density, miscibility help to choose the appropriate method of separation.