Question

Chromosomes other than sex chromosomes are called
(a) Allosomes
(b) Autosomes
(c) Microsomes
(d) None of the above

Answer 1

Hint: The DNA molecule is longliner with part or all of the genetic material of an organism is called a chromosome. The packaging proteins called histones are the important organelles present in the most eukaryotic chromosome. From time to time these chromosomes are aided by chaperone proteins. It is to bind and condense the DNA molecule to sustain its integrity.

Complete answer:
- Any of the numbered chromosomes, however, it is in contrary to the sex chromosomes are called as an autosome.
- The same morphology binds up the members of an autosome pair in a diploid cell. The mtDNA or auDNA is a name given to the DNA in autosomes collectively.
- Allosomes are the chromosomes present in every organism that determine the sex of the organism. Only one pair of such chromosomes exists in human beings. In general, the Allosomal chromosome pairs have different structures.
- In terms of cell biology, the microsomes are heterogenous artifacts which are like vesicles (are of ~20-200 nm in diameter). They were re-formed from pieces of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
- This happens when the eukaryotic cells are shattered-up in the laboratory. In general, the microsomes have no existence in healthy, and living cells.

Hence, the correct answer is option (B).

Note: We can say that a chromosome that differs from an ordinary autosome in form, size, and behavior is known as a sex chromosome. When we talk about the chromosomes, we tell that there are 23 pairs of chromosomes present in them. These chromosomes include 22 pairs of autosomes and only one pair of Allosomes. This is a typical pair of mammal Allosomes, which determine the sex of an individual formed in sexual reproduction.